Cell Host & Microbe
10 June 2020
Heightened Innate Immune Responses in the Respiratory Tract of COVID-19 Patients
Zhuo Zhou1,2,14, Lili Ren2,3,14, Li Zhang4,14 ,Jiaxin Zhong4,5,14 ,Yan Xiao2,14 ,Zhilong Jia6 ,Li Guo2 ,Jing Yang4,5 ,Chun Wang4,5 ,Shuai Jiang4 ,Donghong Yang7 ,Guoliang Zhang8 ,Hongru Li9 ,Fuhui Chen10, Yu Xu7 ,Mingwei Chen11 ,Zhancheng Gao7 ,Jian Yang2 ,Jie Dong2 ,Bo Liu2 ,Xiannian Zhang12 ,Weidong Wang6 ,Kunlun He6 ,Qi Jin,2 Mingkun Li2,4,13,* ,Jianwei Wang2,3,15,*
1 Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Peking University Genome Editing Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
2 National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens and Christophe Me´rieux Laboratory, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
3 Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Pathogenomics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
4 Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China
5 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
6 Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precision Medicine of Chronic Heart Failure, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
7 Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
8 National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518112, China
9 Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian 350000, China
10 Department of respiratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
11 Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi Province 710061, China
12 School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
13 Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
14 These authors contributed equally
15 Lead Contact
* Correspondence: M.L., J.W.
10.1016/j.chom.2020.04.017
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 poses an unprecedented threat to global public health and the economy. This issue of Cell Host & Microbe presents work that highlights both the role of host immune responses in COVID-19 disease and the potential to therapeutically target immunopathogenic immune responses. The role of the innate immune system during SARS-CoV2 infection is discussed by McKechnie and Blish (863–869), while Park and Iwaskai review the protective versus pathogenic roles of type I and III IFNs in coronaviruses (870–878). Chan et al (879–882), Giamarellos-Bourboulis et al (992–1000), and Zhou et al (883–890) profile the immune signatures of COVID-19 patients to delineate potential causes of severe disease or routes to recovery. Finally, Wu et al (891–898) present a platform to identify promising single-domain antibodies targeting SARS-CoV2. The cover art illustrates how exuberant host immune responses (the fire) thwart SARS-CoV-2 infection while exerting damaging effects on host cells.
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